• The EEGs of these six patients

  2021-09-24

  

  The EEGs of these six patients interestingly showed focal, multi-focal and generalized spikes, which was an exclusion criteria in our study as we selected our cohort to exclusively represent focal epilepsy. Remarkably all of these cases were diagnosed with paroxysmal exercise-induced dyskinesia (PED

• br Acknowledgements The authors are grateful for funding pro

  2021-09-24

  

  Acknowledgements The authors are grateful for funding provided by the Health Research Council of New Zealand. Introduction Glucose is the most important energy carrier of the brain. Glucose transporter type 1 (Glut1) is located at the blood–brain barrier and assures the energy-independent, fa

• In a meta analysis of genome wide association

  2021-09-24

  

  In a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies, a variant (rs10423928) in the GIPR gene has been found to be associated with elevated postprandial glucose and insulin (Saxena et al., 2010) as well as lean body composition including decreased BMI, lean mass and waist circumference (Lyssenko et

• Inhibitors of the G rdos effect

  2021-09-24

  

  Inhibitors of the Gárdos effect include the Ca2+-channel blocker nitrendipine with an IC50 of ∼103nM (Ellory et al., 1992, Ellory et al., 1992); its mode of action is likely to be from direct blockage of K+ flux through the Gárdos channel (Ellory et al., 1992, Ellory et al., 1992), and the peptidic

• br G protein coupled receptor GPR

  2021-09-24

  

  G-protein coupled receptor 40 (GPR40), also known as a free fatty SRT 1720 receptor receptor, is dominantly expressed in pancreatic β cells and intestine K, L cells., . Besides, GPR40 is also reported to be expressed in brain, but its function is still unknown. It is well documented that GPR40 ag

• We then explored the possible mechanisms by which integrin w

  2021-09-24

  

  We then explored the possible mechanisms by which integrin α5β1 was involved in the PHEV proliferation process. Normally, the virus activates integrin and induces its downstream protein activation to promote its own invasion and proliferation. Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) binds to heparan su

• Fig illustrates the different signaling pathways

  2021-09-24

  

  Fig. 1 illustrates the different signaling pathways elicited or modulated by H3R activation. Collectively, the modulation of the release of histamine and other neurotransmitters through H3R activation could be linked to several neurological disorders such as sleep disorders like narcolepsy, Alzheime

• For the SAR study human haspin

  2021-09-23

  

  For the SAR study, human haspin kinase inhibitory activity of the various compounds was evaluated using the same assay utilized for the HTS, except in the presence of varying test compound concentrations. DYRK2 kinase inhibitory activity was measured by P-incorporation into Woodtide peptide substrat

• The relationship between increased GPR expression in the

  2021-09-23

  

  The relationship between increased GPR120 expression in the EDL skeletal muscle and systemic glucose control is yet to be investigated. However, if the increased expression of GPR120 correlates with enhanced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle, particularly the EDL muscle, this migh

• It was reported that GPR is expressed on

  2021-09-23

  

  It was reported that GPR120 is expressed on macrophages in adipose tissue (Oh et al., 2010). Whether GPR120-positive K02288 in human and rat pancreas belongs to macrophages was studied. CD68 is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is highly expressed by human monocytes and tissue macrophages (Horikawa

• GT cells were treated in

  2021-09-23

  

  GT1-7 ampk inhibitors were treated in two ways; specifically, they were either dosed or transfected with VP, reflecting the extracellular and intracellular actions of VP, respectively. A dose of 200 pg/ml VP in culture supernatants was effective in stimulating GnRH in the supernatant and cell extrac

• Studies dealing with the effects of ischemia on EAATs

  2021-09-23

  

  Studies dealing with the effects of ischemia on EAATs have been previously reported, but some discrepancies in literature appear between them probably as a consequence of the different models, species, time of reperfusion after ischemia and age of the animals. Thus, in human, MMP-2 Inhibitor I strok

• In conclusion we demonstrated that extrasynaptic glutamate c

  2021-09-23

  

  In conclusion, we demonstrated that extrasynaptic glutamate could in situ affect the AA metabolism via brain CYPs. CYP1B1 and CYP2U1 genes in the astrocytes are the downstream genes of CREB, and the up-regulation of CYP1B1 and CYP2U1 expression by glutamate was due to the increases in phosphorylated

• GPR can signal through not only IP but

  2021-09-23

  

  GPR40 can signal through not only IP3 but also cAMP depending upon the type of agonist ligand used. A full agonist engages both signaling mechanisms in contrast to the endogenous long-chain fatty ONX0914 (LCFA) ligands and partial agonists. Thus, stimulation of GPR40 by endogenous LCFAs or by the sy

• Several studies have found decreased

  2021-09-23

  

  Several studies have found decreased astroglial and neuronal cell numbers and Latrunculin B australia damage after OP exposure. Neuronal loss and brain lesions increase proportionally to the severity and duration of OP-induced seizures (Albuquerque et al., 2006, Carpentier et al., 2000, Gullapalli

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