• br Acknowledgements br Introduction Diabetic complications a

  2023-08-22

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction Diabetic complications are responsible for increased morbidity and mortality of diabetic patients. Increased flow of tak 242 sale through the polyol pathway under conditions of hyperglycemia contributes to the development of diabetic complications. Aldose reducta

• br Conclusions and future directions

  2023-08-21

  

  Conclusions and future directions Translation of the therapy to human MG will require a substitute adjuvant for IFA. Most human vaccines use aluminum salts (alum) as adjuvants. Both IFA and alum selectively promote antibody dominated Th 2 immune responses, rather than T killer cell dominated Th 1

• br Conflicts of interest br Financial support This work

  2023-08-21

  

  Conflicts of interest Financial support This work was supported by grants from the Fondazione Cariplo [Grant number 2011-0463] (Carini); and by Funds for Original Research of the Università del Piemonte Orientale (2016, Project: Carini-Boldorini). The sponsors had no involvement in study desig

• These anatomical studies were followed by the first function

  2023-08-21

  

  These anatomical studies were followed by the first functional MRI studies of auditory processing in songbirds that were performed in starlings (Van Meir et al., 2005; De Groof et al., 2017; De Groof et al., 2013b) and in zebra finches (Boumans et al., 2008a; Boumans et al., 2007; Boumans et al., 20

• Thiol are reduced by two major redox systems glutathione glu

  2023-08-21

  

  Thiol are reduced by two major redox systems, glutathione/glutaredoxin (GRX) and thioredoxin (TRX), which have been extensively studied in plants [13], [14], [15]. Glutathione, a thiol-containing tripeptide, exists in a reduced (GSH) or an oxidized form (GSSG). It has a major role as a redox buffer.

• Fmoc-Gly-OH Plant defensins Vriens et al and

  2023-08-21

  

  Plant defensins (Vriens et al., 2014) and linear AMPs (Domingues et al., 2015, Liu et al., 2008) have been shown to present several modes of action. Among these different mechanisms, permeabilization of the fungal membrane has been described as a secondary effect of plant defensin action (Vriens et 

• Echinocandin resistance is systematically associated with

  2023-08-21

  

  Echinocandin resistance is systematically associated with point mutations in either FSK1 or FSK2 genes [7], [104]. These mutations are located in two different not spot regions of these genes named HS1 and HS2. Hot spot mutations have been reported in C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, C. krus

• This development notwithstanding the chemotherapeutic treatm

  2023-08-18

  

  This development notwithstanding, the chemotherapeutic treatment for leukemia has stagnated over the last 40 years [35]. Main treatment options necessitate aggressive chemotherapy to target leukemic cells [36], [37], [38], [39]. Several limitations of current treatment options include the use of ant

• Curcumin is able to upregulate the protein

  2023-08-18

  

  Curcumin is able to upregulate the protein level of NGF through cannabinoid receptor CB1, where the activation of Akt pathway probably plays an important part in the CB1-mediated signal transmission [9,10]. This finding suggested that the protection of curcumin in spinal motor neurons of SNI rats is

• Introduction A defining feature of cancer

  2023-08-18

  

  Introduction A defining feature of cancer cells is disruption of the normal controls of the cell cycle; a tumor suppressor or inhibitor may act by restricting progression of the cell cycle. P27 (also known as cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B, P27, or Kip1) is a putative cell-cycle inhibitor pro

• There are two ways to transport FFAs into

  2023-08-18

  

  There are two ways to transport FFAs into cells. First by passive diffusion. Second as the putative long-chain fatty AZD0156 transporters are proposed, CD36 the plasma membrane-associated fatty acid-binding protein (FABPpm) and fatty acid transport proteins (FATP) [11], where CD36 is responsible fo

• br Acknowledgments br Introduction Within the classical secr

  2023-08-18

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction Within the classical secretory pathway, transmembrane and soluble cargos travel via the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus en route to their final destinations [1]. However, at a post-Golgi level, trafficking routes can diverge. In this context, the tra

• br Introduction Nausea and vomiting

  2023-08-18

  

  Introduction Nausea and vomiting are among the most distressing side effects associated with chemotherapy in cancer patients (Billio et al., 2010). Severe emesis can negatively affect a patient's nutritional state, ability to work and motivation, which can, in turn, interfere with the clinical co

• We demonstrate a role for low

  2023-08-18

  

  We demonstrate a role for low oxygen to regulate ATX mRNA in hepatocyte-derived HuH7 PPM-18 synthesis and human liver slices, consistent with reports of increased ATX expression in a variety of tumours that are frequently hypoxic. Importantly, we show a positive association between elevated ATX mRNA

• Songbirds are outstanding models in the study of

  2023-08-18

  

  Songbirds are outstanding models in the study of vocal communication (Maney and Pinaud, 2011). Following the pioneering studies of William H. Thorpe and Peter Marler on the development of song in chaffinches (Fringilla coelebs) and white-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys) (Marler, 2004; Thorp

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